Abstract
This research dives into the development of collision detection glasses intended to support visually impaired people, with comfort being a top priority. Starting out, the design was pretty bulky, which was a hurdle for daily wear. Through trial and error, though, we ended up with a slimmer, lighter version that’s a lot more practical. For regions like Pakistan, where resources can be tight, having a device that’s both affordable and comfortable is crucial. This paper looks at two stages of the design, showing how we moved toward a more wearable solution that people would actually want to use every day.
1. Introduction
Assistive tech has a big impact on the lives of those with visual impairments, especially in navigating busy or unpredictable spaces. In Pakistan, existing tools like the white cane have limitations—most don’t detect things above ground, so elevated obstacles can be missed. To tackle this, we set out to create collision detection glasses that offer real-time feedback about nearby objects, which helps with spatial awareness. The first prototype used an Arduino Uno and a 9V battery, but it was heavy and awkward. So, we went back to the drawing board and came up with a second version: compact, lighter, and overall much more wearable. This paper walks through the design changes and how they affect comfort and usefulness.
2. Literature Review
When it comes to wearable devices for visually impaired users, a lot of research focuses on advanced obstacle-detection methods, from ultrasonic and infrared sensors to cameras. But many of these devices are expensive and complicated, which limits their use in places like Pakistan. Studies have shown that devices are better received when they’re comfortable, light, and blend in easily. Based on these insights, we aimed to build something that’s not only technically effective but also user-friendly and affordable for people in Pakistan.
3. Methodology
We compared two versions of our collision detection glasses: the original bulky one and a more compact, refined version. The main adjustments we made were:
Making Components Smaller: We switched from an Arduino Uno to a smaller Arduino Nano 33 IoT, keeping the power while saving space.
Battery Change: We replaced the heavier 9V battery with a lighter LiPo battery to reduce weight
3.1 Materials and Design Specifications
Bulky Version: Included an Arduino Uno, 9V battery, ultrasonic sensor, and external mounts.
Compact Version: Used an Arduino Nano 33 IoT, a lightweight LiPo battery, and modular assembly with sensors integrated right into the frame.
4. Results and Analysis
After testing, the compact model was a clear improvement in weight, ease of use, and
obstacle detection. People found the lighter, more discreet design comfortable and easy to wear over long periods.
4.1 Code Implementation
Arduino code:
5. Discussion
Moving to a compact model kept detection capabilities but made the glasses far more comfortable and practical. This development shows promise for low-weight, wearable devices that could benefit visually impaired users in resource-limited settings. Looking ahead, we’re considering adding wireless features for smartphone connections, possibly with GPS navigation for additional support.
6. Conclusion
The final design offers an affordable, compact collision detection solution that could provide meaningful help for visually impaired people in Pakistan. This project shows how, with user-focused adjustments, we can create wearables that make a real difference, with plenty of room for future growth using AI and connectivity.
7. References
1. Farhan Butt, Professor of Electrical Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology (UET), Lahore, Pakistan. Provided mentorship.2. Arduino Documentation. Arduino Nano 33 IoT.3. SparkFun Electronics. Ultrasonic Sensor - HC-SR04.4. W3schools
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